Migrating to Office 365

OK, you’ve watched the cool videos from Microsoft, read review after review about the merits of Office 365 for Education, and decided it’s just what the doctor ordered for your school’s ailing IT infrastructure. And it's time to act on that New Years Resolution of improving your school.

Now what?

Fair question. Regardless of the current state of affairs in your school, you will need to manage this migration in an orderly and methodical fashion. This, most likely, will involve a weekend, holiday, or other day off for your staff in order to minimize the inconvenience.

There are three major components of Office 365 for Education solution which you will address in this migration. In order of most to least difficult difficult to migrate, at a typical school, they are:

1.       Email - Hosted Microsoft Exchange
2.       Lync – Unified Communications
3.       SharePoint – Team and Public Websites

This is also the order in which I would recommend the migration or setup occurs. And please note, this is not a technical support document, but an overview of the process. If you are not comfortable with the subject matter at hand, you’ll want to get some help.

Practically speaking, the only real migration is email, as the other services generally do not yet exist.  Most everyone already has an email account. The closest thing to unified communications in organizations without Lync is texting from a cell phone or other mobile device. And the starting point for a SharePoint migration is normally a Team site for each organization in your school and a document library. Neither of these is difficult to setup, once you have done the harder task of designing how you want to organize your intellectual goodies.

One final thought before we dive in. It is very important that you have full buy in and the moral (and organizational) authority to do this. Change is difficult and there will be resistance. Furthermore, unless you have made a persuasive case as to the benefits that will flow to each of your end users, they may not follow your lead. In my experience most migrations spend 80-90% of the energy on the technical process and 10-20% (or less) on staff introduction, orientation, and training. Be wise and considerate.

OK, so let’s get started with a few generalities in the administrators control panel. There are several basic setup tasks that are not covered by the clever wizards that Microsoft provides. These steps can be done without impacting your users.

1.       Select the right licensing Plan and purchase sufficient licenses for your organization. (This is a bit tricky because most of you will select the A2 Plan for Staff and Students, which is free; but you still have to add it to the shopping cart and checkout).

2.       Add all of your users to the correct domain name to eliminate having the convoluted default domain name of you@yourschool.onmicrosoft.com . If you have not yet obtained a domain name from Godaddy, Network Solutions, or another registrar – STOP and do so, then follow instructions on how to verify that domain name so it is available within the administrators control panel. (Note: we recommend different domain names for staff and students)

Email

The general idea with most technology migrations is to establish the new solution while keeping the old one intact to the extent possible. Then we do a cutover at a minimally impactful time (weekend, holiday, etc.) while keeping the old system available for fallback should the migration fail. Finally we have a period of validation where we confirm the new system is working and then at an appropriate time deactivate the old.

If you do this properly, you will not lose any email and the change will be mostly transparent. If you plan and execute poorly, you will have an email outage and could lose important messages permanently.

Your email migration begins with the modification of Domain Name Records at your Domain Name Registrar. So when you are ready, head on over to Godaddy, Network Solutions, or your registrar and make the necessary zone file modifications. If you are not 100% sure how to do this, get assistance. This is the most crucial step for a successful migration. It only takes a moment to modify the actual Domain Record, but it can take up to 72 hours for those changes to distribute to the right places – so be sure you know what you are doing.

While DNS changes are propagating throughout the World Wide Web, you can start gathering the data from each of your users email accounts. The primary data you are gathering is email, but don’t forget the contacts. You should know which email accounts are most important to your organization and which users actually engage in email messaging, focus your priorities accordingly. Hint: I would probably start with the principal.

Your email migration will take different paths depending on three key factors:

1.       The type of email server in use – commercial or private, IMAP, POP3, Exchange, etc.

2.       The degree to which personal and school email is comingled
3.       The method by which your users currently access their email – webmail l or Outlook

Note: This is not technical support article on the particulars of exporting and then importing your email, contacts, notes, etc. But in one way or another, you will have to export email from each user’s old account into their new account if you wish to retain existing messages. This process gets a little tricky if your users are on Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo, AOL, etc. as these email accounts are their personal property and you can’t do this without their permission (as demonstrated by a username and password).

For the end user, email migration begins when you deliver the welcome message and temporary passcode to them. This temporary passcode is generated when you create a new user, but you can (and probably should) delay delivering this information to the user until you are ready to start the migration.

Write in big bold letters the following URL on any migration documents (email or paper) you hand out.

https://portal.microsoftonline.com

This URL is the sole place to acquire, modify, and access all of the Office 365 services. We will discover shortcuts to the various services later, but this single URL is vitally important. Before a user can do anything with the Office 365 for Education system, they will need to visit this URL and change the temporary password issued at the creation of their account, to a permanent one that ONLY they should know.

Once logged into the Office 365 for Education Portal, the Outlook link at the top of the screen will take your users to their new email account. And if you have managed this migration well, all of their messages and contacts will be waiting for them.

For some of your users, the Outlook Web Access experience will be all they desire. And while there is nothing wrong with using Outlook Web Access, they may enjoy a much more productive email experience if you install Outlook on their main desktop. For more information about Outlook on the Desktop vs. Outlook Web Access go here.

At this point, your Microsoft Exchange email hosted on the Office 365 for Education is setup. Your users can now access it from any browser capable device or email enabled phone or tablet.

Lync and SharePoint

As mentioned at the outset of this article, there is generally not a migration involved with Lync and SharePoint services within Office 365. For Lync it really boils down to getting your users to try it. We have literally had schools almost shut down when the staff had that ‘ahah’ moment regarding Lync. They were so excited to try all of the cool features, like instant video chat that they almost forgot to teach their classes.

With Lync, you can communicate with your team using a variety of methods all based upon an indication of presence or availability. These methods include text, voice calls, video calls, desktop sharing and file sharing, and of course email. Lync has the ability to transform the communication within organizations that utilize it wisely.

Likewise, SharePoint is a very transformational technology, but it requires a serious commitment to train and develop the system to the advantage of your organization. Watch for a series of articles about SharePoint over the next few weeks.

Summary

Implementing Office 365 for Education can be very straightforward for schools with chaotic or non-existent informational technology infrastructure. On the other hand it can be fairly complex for schools that have significant on premises facilities and resources in place. At either end of the spectrum, Office 365 provides a robust communication and collaboration platform that requires no hardware or no administrative staff onsite. The business case for Office 365 for Education is compelling and we recommend it enthusiastically.

Mind Your Manners - Use a distribution list!

One of my pet peeves is receiving an email message that contains dozens and dozens of email addresses  in the “CC”, or worse the “To” field. Sometimes the list of name is far longer than the actual message sent.  This has long been considered poor etiquette in the world of email communication, but continues to happen frequently.

The primary reason this is a no-no, aside from annoyance of format, is security. While everyone on your list is happy (presumably) to receive email from you, they may not wish to disclose their private email address to everyone else you are including. You should think twice about doing this.

So how do you send a single email message that is personally addressed, yet delivered simultaneously to a group of intended recipients, without recreating the message over and over for each recipient?  You do so through the use of a distribution list.

Distribution lists have been around for many years and found within most email systems. The idea is simple enough. You build a list of recipients in an administrative interface of some sort, you give that list a name, and create an email address associated with it. Unfortunately, there are many systems that only go this far, which is well short of the features you will need to use distribution lists successfully.

In order to fully enjoy the power of a distribution list, you need to have a few controls in place to manage it, otherwise your distribution list can become an annoyance unto itself.  Here are four things your distribution list should be capable of doing, to keep your recipients happy:

 

Private/Public access control.

 

The only thing a Spammer likes better than a valid email address, is an email that feeds a valid distribution list. Imagine their joy knowing that Viagra add gets replicated automatically through your distribution list. So be sure your distribution list has the capability of restricting email messages if the list becomes compromised. One way of doing this is a Public vs. Private setting, which restricts access to only  those individuals found on the list. I other words you should be able to make the list private, if necessary.

 

Blacklisting or White listing  

 

Occasionally your distribution list gets hijacked by one individual with an agenda. While shutting down the entire list (by making it private) is possible, you may not want to limit communication in this manner.  Be sure your distribution list capability includes the feature of adding senders to a black (disallowed) list. This will help ensure the integrity of your list, while keeping it accessible to the public at large.

 

On the other side of this scenario is a distribution list to which a user must subscribe. This is called white listing. By using an approved list of senders, such as parents in committees or volunteer capacity. You could create a large, but manageable directory of approved senders to your distribution list.

 

Moderating or Approving

 

As your distribution list grows in size or importance, you may want to ensure that each message is approved for distribution. This might be useful when conversing about sensitive subjects. This is different than white listing in that you approve specific message content as opposed to specific senders.

 

Ensure your distribution list has the capacity to require approval before messages are sent. Recognize that some view message approval as censorship - so be careful out there.

 

Message Addressing

 

One last requirement of your distribution list is message addressing. Although I have not seen this issue for some time, I have seen messages from distribution lists that displays the distribution list email address as the sender, such that your reply is automatically re-distributed. Don't go there!

 

If you want to create as self-induced  SPAM event in your organization, try using a distribution list with this deficiency. You will quickly overwhelm everyone’s inbox in a matter of a few replies. And it will be nearly impossible to follow the conversation.

 

A sophisticated distribution list system will display the original sender’s email address as the Sender, not the distribution list per se. And your reply to the original sender would not then be distributed to all on the distribution list. This is an important feature!

 

Summary

 

Distribution lists are great tools to expedite email communication to a predefined set of recipients.  This is particularly true if the messaging is primarily in one direction. Verify the email system you are using is capable of the above features. Ensure the capability to exercise administrative oversight of message traffic, then enjoy the few extra minutes each day gained from not having to select a dozen or more recipients from your contact list each time you wish to send an email to your favorite group.

The Taming of the Inbox

I had a brief, yet celebrative moment yesterday; I zeroed out my inbox! Yes, for one fleeting and shining moment it was empty.

It’s a little disconcerting that by Monday morning, it will be regenerating, but such is life for the vast majority of us who are connected. Don’t lose hope, you can manage your inbox, but it takes a little effort. And there are huge benefits! Just that small, albeit temporary, victory is just one.

A recent study by the McKinsey Global Institute found that the average knowledge worker spends 28 percent of the workweek either writing, reading, or responding to email.  While you may not be technically classified a “knowledge worker” there is likely a high correlation to being an “imparting knowledge worker”; as in a teacher or administrator at a Charter School.

My favorite Charter School Administrator recently confessed to having something like 4,000 messages in her inbox. That’s a lot! Can you beat that record?

There are hundreds of excellent articles about this subject, so let’s approach it from an Information Architecture perspective. Like my father always said, “If you start with the right set of tools, the job is much easier”. Consider a couple of tools that should assist you in taming your inbox.

Start with an enterprise class mail system

The single most important step you can take to tame your inbox is to start using a real email solution. My recommendation for education has not changed in 10 years – Microsoft Exchange based email is the gold standard of email systems. It is now available as a free service from Microsoft as a Cloud Based (hosted service) and is called Office 365 for Education.

Hosted Exchange Email is the infrastructure an organization’s email runs on, the manner in which you connect to a hosted Exchange system is entirely up to you. You can use an internet browser, a desktop or laptop client such as Outlook (Mac or PC), an iOS device such as an iPad or iPhone, or any smart phone, or tablet.

Aside from Google mail, the alternatives are not even a close second. And privacy issues alone make me shudder in using Google mail, yes even the enterprise version of Google mail. Just because you are not getting advertising, does not mean your email is not being crawled for content.

I am especially puzzled when I come across schools that are using the “free” email that is included in their webhosting account. What an oxymoron that is! There is nothing free about dealing with the SPAM, the loss of messaging control, and the wide variety of compliance issues that accompany this choice of email systems.

A hosted Exchange email system is reliable, secure, compliant, feature rich, and it’s free. What are you waiting for?

Use Instant Messaging more for short or transitory conversations

Text messaging is quickly overcoming email as the mode of communicating in the digital world, but using it in education presents unique challenges. It is a little difficult to enforce a “sterile” learning environment, free from the disruptions of personal electronic devices (PED) if the teacher is constantly checking her own text messages on a PED in the classroom. 

A much better classroom solution is Lync 2010, another free education solution from Microsoft that is far superior to text messaging than what you find on your PED. Lync 2010 provides Instant Messaging (IM) on the desktop, your laptop, and your smartphone and there is a presence indicator for all of your communication. Don’t underestimate the importance of knowing the presence or availability of your intended recipient.

In addition to IM, Lync allows you to turn your texting into a full on video conference with just a click of the mouse. And you can connect with multiple individuals at the same time. And on top of all of that, you can share documents, transfer files, and even show others what you are viewing on your desktop.

In summary, by using Lync more and email less, you will reduce the endless stream of one liner emails that land in your inbox.

Implement a connected eRM/CRM system

The best improvement I have personally implemented in my inbox taming is Microsoft Dynamics CRM; we call it Education Resource Management or eRM for Charter Schools. I can sum up my experience in four short words – “Feel Free to Delete!”

Using eRM/CRM, allows you to associate an email with a contact, a company, a support case, a contract, an order, a meeting, a telephone call, or a dozen other items, and then DELETE it. The email is retained in the eRM/CRM system and you can now refer to it in context of the information it is associated with.

The most likely reason you keep all of those silly emails in the first place is just in case you might need to refer to it later. Fair enough; but while the search function in your email program is powerful, the association of emails with the people, processes, and things in your world is much more useful.

Not ready for an eRM/CRM system? A well thought out system of folders in your email system will be very helpful.

Utilize SharePoint for document collaboration

Ever notice how many emails can be generated over just one document? You send a document for input from an associate; they make a few changes, and then send it back. Next you send it off for approval, there are a few more changes and the document comes back. And finally you send it off for publication or printing and there are the confirmations and drafts and … well, you get the picture.

One of the most inbox clogging activities we observe is using email as a document collaboration platform. As the complexity and the connectedness of your organization grow, the multiplication effect is an inbox assault. At some point you may just have to call a meeting and sit down with all of those documents and team members to sort it out.

SharePoint changes the dynamics associated with collaborative effort and it will bring great happiness to your inbox. And if you have looked at SharePoint and find it a bit clunky, then you really have not looked closely enough.

If you use the synchronization tools in SharePoint and the network mapping tools in Windows that support SharePoint, you will find that getting a document onto your SharePoint document library is a simple as dragging and dropping or saving to a designated folder on your computer.

Oh, I almost forgot to mention – it’s also free and included in Office 365 for Education.

Summary

There are countless articles, even entire websites devoted to the techniques of managing email. And some of them are excellent. However, designing an efficient Information system will have more overall impact on your inbox than techniques.

Start with an enterprise level (not a consumer grade) email system. Embrace an IM or text messaging system that is integrated in your organization. Connect your email with the people, processes, and things you deal with inside a business management system. And use SharePoint for document collaboration, sharing, and versioning.

Good luck mastering your inbox; it makes for a much more enjoyable weekend.

One Server or Seven – How many do you need?

One Server or Seven – How many do you need

Over the summer I have had occasion to visit a number of new schools. As I have done so, it is quite interesting to hear of the experiences of various school administrators.

One thing that surprised me is the wide variety of resources, measured by server count, which these similar schools possessed.

It would seem, given relative size and complexity that you would find an average server count – such as an average of 2.5 servers per school. But our experience suggests a much wider range of server capacity than you would expect. And while that is an interesting statistic (quite unscientific, I might add) what is even more surprising is the level of satisfaction we found between schools at the opposing end of the spectrum.

The school we observed having the most rational and functional information technology infrastructure had exactly one (1) server.  That school also reported the greatest degree of satisfaction in being able to manage their information systems effectively with very few outside resources.

On the other end of the spectrum was the school with the highest server count, seven (7) to be exact. Contrary to what you would expect, this school complained about irrational IT infrastructure, higher than desired management costs, and a very dysfunctional environment. 

I confess this is a very narrow sample and not a scientific study by any means. But, these are two very real schools, with very capable administrators and staff, each reporting a widely different technology experience.

One of the fundamental challenges we see with Charter Schools is that they are usually operated by administrators who come from traditional school districts, with conventional ways of doing things. That convention sometimes does not work in managing Charter School technology. Size and complexity of technology really does matter when managing a single campus freestanding charter school.

Without a thorough review of systems in either of these schools it would be unfair to characterize their technology providers as being irresponsible, but it begs the question – why so many or few. Sadly the answer may have more to do with the financial well-being of those recommending high server counts than what is best for the school.

Here is a list of common server roles and how you might outsource them at great savings:

Domain controller and active directory server

This common network environment provides user access control and group policy management to simplify administration of users. It requires a unique network ID or login for each user and individual passwords. While this may be necessary for schools that enroll older students, it can be very cumbersome for the younger grades. Students younger than 5^th or 6^th grade have great difficulty remembering usernames and passwords, so there is often a standard username and password published, which in effect invalidates your security policy.

Alternative – Office 365

Consider moving your user authentication to the cloud, where access is anywhere, anytime, and on any device. After all, the most common benefit for having active directory is so that your Desktop, Favorites, and My Documents follow you around.

Web server for hosting your website

Most organizations abandoned this practice years ago as hosting companies began stepping over each other to offer you website hosting facilities for a few dollars each month. But there are still a few diehards who insist on hosting their own website on their own hardware. This might be more of a job security play than a practical solution. Not only is this expensive, but the security ramifications are enormous. If your website sits inside your network perimeter, the chance of a security breach is greatly increased.

Alternative – West Host, Blue Host, or any other Web Hosting company

You honestly cannot even power a webserver inside your building for the cost associated with an annual hosting agreement at a website hosting company. And even if the power to run your web server was free, it would still cost you to maintain it. Only in the most unusual of circumstances does it make sense to host your own website.

Microsoft Exchange Email Server

Email is a critical business system in most schools, so up until recently we had an MS Exchange Email Server in every school we managed. But email as a hosted solution is a much more practical, reliable, and inexpensive solution.

Alternative – Office 365

 Don’t walk, but run to http://www.office 365.com and sign up for Exchange based email services that are now available free to academic organizations. It will be more reliable than your in-house email server, much less expensive to own and operate, and it will eliminate SPAM and Unsolicited Commercial Email (UCE).

Exchange based email has so many advantages by way of features, security, and compliance that it is the gold standard communication platform for many organizations – large and small. If you are still using the email accounts that come free with your hosting account then your being negligent and probably spending much more time and energy than you would imagine dealing with the ramifications of such services.

Accounting Application Server

There are some really robust accounting packages used for education and hopefully you have found the right solution. But I have never understood why a charter school enterprise that has essentially one source of funding (State or Federal programs) needs an accounting program costing thousands of dollars each year, when a copy of QuickBooks will do.

But QuickBooks needs a server, right? Well, perhaps not  – a decent business class workstation, yes. A multi-core server with advanced drive arrays, gobs of memory, and expensive tape drive? Probably not.

Alternative – QuickBooks Online

And if you really want to simplify and cut costs, consider QuickBooks online. It requires “0” hardware and is available from anywhere at any time. And that’s pretty handy for allowing administrators access to reports when they are relaxing at home.

Server for Staff Shared Drive(s) or Student Shared Drive(s)

There are many challenges associated with managing documents on a “Shared Drive”, yet this seems to be a standard setup in every school (well except those we configure). This is a classic case of “We’ve always done it that way”, without considering the great improvements of technology advances.

SharePoint has been one of Microsoft’s fastest growing technologies for the past decade. It is the modern day version of a Shared Drive, with many advantages.  It provides all of the sharing capabilities of a shared drive, without the limitations.

Here are the challenges associated with shared drives that SharePoint eliminates:

·         Security – By definition a shared folder is available to pretty much everyone,  at least that is the common scenario. And some things just should not be shared – like HR records, medical records, employment contracts, etc.

·         Overwrites – Ever wiped out another staff members document changes after they spent hours  on a joint project. That’s not a fun experience, but happens routinely with a Shared documents.

·         Versioning – Have you ever edited a document only to discover that the version you had two iterations back was better? Or have you collaborated with someone on a joint project and needed to revisit changes of a month ago? Or do you simply not know which copy of your document contains the latest revisions? That is a common shared drive experience.

·         Notification – Want to know when a document is changed or a document is added to a Shared Drive – good luck, without SharePoint.

Alternative – SharePoint in Office 365

In addition to solving the above challenges associated with Shared Drives, SharePoint also provides real cost savings to your school in the form of reduced IT management costs. Here is how:

·         Eliminating servers will eliminate hours billed at your highest technician rates

·         Eliminating USB drives will save costs and improve access to documents

·         Eliminating access issues (remote access, different classroom access, etc) eliminates IT requirements

Summary

Charter schools, which typically have fewer resources for IT management, can tap into the economies of scale that are the basis of cloud computing. Many traditional “server” requirements can now be outsources with improved security, functionality, and cost. If you have more servers than you need, consider moving that functionality to the cloud.

Outlook - The program. Why it's better than Outlook Web Access

You’ve probably heard the (insert your favorite co-ed) joke about an ambitious young person who went to the hardware store to buy a chain saw. There’s some variation in the details, but the punch line is when the co-ed returns the saw to the store to complain about it’s lack of cutting capacity, only to be startled by the noise of the chainsaw when it was started for the first time.

If you are using Outlook Web Access to read your email, you might just be the butt of a similar joke about your email prowess.

Now before you get all offended, there are some very good reasons, on occasion, to use Outlook Web Access. If you are borrowing a computer, using an internet Kiosk, checking an email on your run through the airport, or attending an offsite training;  then of course Outlook Web Access is a great tool and it is surprisingly similar to Oultook on the desktop.

In fact Microsoft went great lengths to create a Web enabled interface that even looks and behaves as much like Outlook as possible. Which begs the question – why spend so much energy on creating a Web interface that behaves so much like the real product? The answer is not because it works as well as the desktop program, it doesn’t!

If you are sitting at one place most of your working day, then you really ought to consider the advantages of a real Outlook experience.
 
Here are 10 reasons why you should be using Microsoft Outlook, the desktop version:

1. It’s Faster – This should be reason enough, but I continue to be surprised at the number of users at our schools who log onto Outlook Web Access instead of using the program sitting right on their desktop.
2. It’s Always On – Even when your internet access is down, Outlook keeps on going. It remembers everything you do while offline and synchronizes your work when you reconnect.
3. It works Automatically – Outlook checks your email even when you are not working in it. And it does so every 15 minutes, unless you change the default send and receive settings.
4. It checks your work better – The Outlook on your desktop is much like Microsoft Word, and has better spelling, grammar, and word/phrase checking.
5. It does profiles – Need to work with two different email accounts? And not just on the receiving end. Outlook maintains separate profiles for separate email addresses, allowing you to work in two organizations with that organization's domain based email.
6. It has add-ins - there are a number of very useful add-in programs, or utilities that enhance the features in Microsoft Outlook. One of our favorites is the email connector that integrates Microsoft Dynamics CRM (see our education resource management solution) and Outlook. This one reason alone makes the case for desktop Outlook.
7. It is much more customizable – Wallpaper, themes, fonts, colors, and design elements are all much more robust in the desktop version of Outlook. But be careful, sometimes your artistic interpretation makes for very difficult reading .
8. It has a much better search function – although you can search in both versions, the desktop version is much more efficient. And try deleting 500 messages in an overflowing OWA inbox. It takes forever!
9. It works with dial up – Okay, this is kind of cheating on the speed front. But you can actually have a reasonably robust email experience with only dial-up internet service. That’s because Outlook decides on what to download and does so in the background.
10. It has a Ribbon – The ribbon contains an amazing number of formatting commands  and features that are not available in OWA. And if you are doing any kind of serious email composition, you will find those features very handy.

Once you begin using the real version of Outlook, you may find features not mentioned above that you really like. In fact you may begin to like these features so much that you actually look forward to greeting your inbox each morning.

OK, so that is probably a stretch.

But, by using the real Outlook you may have more free time to do something other than email. And I can do something other than writing about it.

What’s that noise?